• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A sensor arrangement (1) for detecting spatially resolved photometric data comprises a sensor unit (10), a controllable shutter arrangement (20) upstream of the sensor unit (10), by means of which a light incidence on the sensor unit (10) can be controlled depending on the direction, and a Evaluation unit (30) for evaluating the information output by the sensor unit (10) and calculating a spatially resolved brightness information, wherein the sensor unit (10) has at least two sensor segments (11), each of which has different combinations of color and polarization filters (12, 13 ) or spectrometers, and wherein the evaluation unit (30) is designed to supplement the brightness information with additional photometric data on the basis of the signals output by the various sensor segments (11).
    公开号:AT14593U1
    申请号:TGM345/2014U
    申请日:2014-09-29
    公开日:2016-02-15
    发明作者:Martin Dr Siegel；Gerd Zeidler
    申请人:Zumtobel Lighting Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    description
    SENSOR ARRANGEMENT FOR DETECTING PLACE-RELATED PHOTOMETRIC DATA
    The present invention relates to a sensor arrangement which is provided to detect spatially resolved photometric data, so for example brightness information, which are used for lighting control.
    Brightness sensors are used in lighting technology in order to achieve a constant, constant brightness irrespective of the daylight entering from outside at certain areas to be illuminated. This is done within the scope of a regulation in that brightness information representing the area to be illuminated is detected and transmitted to a control unit for controlling the luminaire or luminaires. The luminance of the luminaires is then modified in order to achieve, for example, a precisely desired brightness independently of the time of day , Persons working in the illuminated area and working, for example, then do not always have to readjust the artificial light manually, which results in a significant improvement in the lighting situation.
    Known in the prior art are primarily simple brightness sensors based on a single photodiode. These brightness sensors are designed such that they are specifically aimed at a specific area to be monitored and that the signal output by the photodiode whose brightness sensitivity is possibly matched to that of the human eye then represents the brightness present in the area to be monitored. These are relatively simple sensors that are cost-effective to manufacture and are often used.
    A disadvantage of these simple brightness sensors based on individual photodiodes, however, is that they actually output only a single signal, namely the brightness. Color (location) or color temperature information or other so-called photometric data can not be obtained with such sensors.
    Furthermore, no spatially resolved information is available in these known sensors. That is, in a more complex lighting control, if the brightness is to be considered at multiple locations, a separate sensor must be used for each individual location to be monitored.
    It has therefore also been proposed in the past to use sensor systems based on image sensors. A corresponding sensor unit is described, for example, in DE 102010 003 804 A1 of the Applicant and is based in principle on a Digitalkamerabzw. the sensor of a corresponding camera whose image information is evaluated in order to obtain information about the currently present lighting situation. The advantage of such intelligent sensors is that due to the available spatially resolved information, the sensor unit can assume the function of a plurality of individual brightness sensors and, in addition, the sensors can be additionally used, for example, by corresponding evaluation of the image data of persons and thus also their presence.
    However, both the simple brightness sensors described above and the more complex systems based on image sensors are only limited in their ability to distinguish between artificial light and natural light sources without calibration. Furthermore, with the currently available camera systems, the determination of the so-called white point is relatively rough, which also applies to the color or color location information derived therefrom. Although the accuracy of the light color measurement can be improved with special filters. However, the possibility of replacing the filters is restricted or not possible with many commercially available camera sensors, since the filters are predefined for each pixel.
    The present invention is therefore an object of the invention to provide a novel sensor arrangement for detecting spatially resolved photometric data available, which is also also able to color or Farbtemperaturinformationen zuliefern, and it allows these advantages with a reasonable cost to reach.
    The object is achieved by a sensor arrangement for detecting spatially resolved photometric data having the features of claim 1. Advantageous developments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.
    The solution according to the invention is based on the idea to obtain the spatially resolved photo¬metrischen data using a sensor array, which consists of relatively few individual sensor segments, which a so-called. Shutter arrangement is arranged upstream, by which a direction of light incident on the sensor arrangement can be controlled , Such an arrangement for acquiring spatially resolved brightness information is generally known, for example, from the publication "Lensless Imaging by Compressive Sensing" (Gang Huang et al., Bell Labs, Alcatel-Lucent, Murray Hill, NJ 07974). In comparison to known image sensors, which are based on a matrix-like arrangement of a plurality of individual sensitive elements, in principle only a single sensor element is used in this novel method, which, however, is illuminated in a direction-dependent manner via a shutter matrix arranged in front of the sensor element. The fact that with the help of the shutter matrix selectively the light from certain directions on the sensor element zulbzw. is prevented, in the context of a later evaluation of the sensor signals and consideration of the incidence of light again a spatially resolved information can be obtained, which ultimately allows to reconstruct image data.
    Since, in this procedure, the individual sensor element has to be exposed in succession in time increments and the image data can only be reconstructed at the end of a corresponding sequence, the creation of an image is associated with a relatively high expenditure of time. However, this is acceptable for use as a sensor for lighting control. The fact that the number of pixels is significantly reduced in this method or, in principle, only a single sensor element is present, however, additional measures can now be taken at a reasonable cost by wel¬che the improved compared to conventional image sensors obtaining color or Color temperature information or generally of additional photometric data is made possible. For this purpose, it is provided according to the invention that the sensor element now has a sensor unit with at least two sensor segments, each of which has e.g. unterschiedli¬che combinations of color filters and / or polarization filters are assigned. On the basis of the signals output by the various sensor segments, the brightness information is then obtained by additional photometric data, that is, for example, by color or image data. Color temperature information added. Furthermore, according to the invention, the use of a (light) spectrometer can be provided, whereby any filter curve can be realized in the post-processing. The solution according to the invention thus also makes it possible, in addition to brightness, to use e.g. Light color, polarization, spectral composition and / or other light parameters to capture.
    According to the invention, therefore, a sensor arrangement for detecting spatially resolved photometric data is preferably proposed for the illumination control, which has a sensor unit and a controllable shutter arrangement arranged upstream of the sensor unit, by means of which a light incidence on the sensor unit can be controlled in a direction-dependent manner. The arrangement further has a rating unit for evaluating the information output by the sensor unit and calculating a spatially resolved brightness information, wherein the sensor unit has at least two sensor segments to which different combinations of color filters, polarization filters and / or spectrometers are assigned is configured to supplement the brightness information by additional photometric data based on the signals output from the different sensor segments.
    The invention thus combines on the one hand a novel technology with which despite use in principle only a single or only a few sensor elements spatially resolved information can be obtained, with the idea of using additional color and polarizing filters or spectrometers, by which the detection for example, color or color temperature information is optimized. Both technologies are advantageously combined with one another since they would not in themselves provide satisfactory results or the use of polarization filters, especially those at the pixel level and with different orientation in conventional image sensors, would not be economically feasible due to the associated costs. Thus, a sensor arrangement is created which can be produced with a reasonable outlay, however, with regard to the quality of the data obtained therewith, has clear advantages over previously known systems.
    Preferably, the sensor unit comprises three or an integral multiple of three sensor segments, which are each assigned three different color filters, preferably in the colors red, green and blue. In contrast to the procedure described in the article cited above, the sensor unit itself is not formed by a single sensor, but rather slightly more complex, with different color filters now being arranged upstream of the sensors, so that color information can now also be obtained in comparison thereto.
    Furthermore, the sensor arrangement preferably has three or an integral multiple of three sensor segments, which are then each assigned no polarization filter or one of two orthogonally oriented polarization filters. In the same way as both color filters, the sensor segments are therefore provided with differently oriented or no polarization filters, respectively, and by combining the corresponding data from the sensor segments provided with the different polarization filters, information can then be obtained which makes it possible to carry out an accurate white balance.
    According to a particularly preferred embodiment, therefore, the sensor arrangement has a total of nine different sensor segments, which then the above-mentioned unter¬schiedlichen combinations formed by the various color and polarization filters are arranged upstream.
    Alternatively or additionally, the arrangement can also be combined with a spectrometer, whereby it is then possible to obtain additional information regarding the spectral composition of the light. Any desired filter properties can then be realized in the postprocessing of the acquired data.
    The upstream of the sensor unit shutter arrangement can be ausgestalt¬tet different, as long as it allows the direction-dependent exposure of the sensor unit. It would be conceivable, for example, to use micromirrors, mechanical shutters, so-called MEMS systems or the use of an LCD array. In all these cases it is ensured that, according to the aforementioned principle, the sensors are exposed one after the other from different directions, and the spatially resolved image data can then be determined by combining this information.
    The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 shows schematically the use of a sensor arrangement according to the invention for lighting control; 2 shows the basic structure of the arrangement according to the invention for detecting spatially resolved image information, and [0022] FIG. 3 shows the embodiment of the sensor arrangement according to the invention for
    Use coming sensor unit.
    Figure 1 shows first generally the principle of use of the invention
    Sensor arrangement, which is provided here with the reference numeral 1 and arranged on the ceiling of a space provided with the reference numeral 100. The sensor arrangement 1 serves to determine brightness information as well as, in addition, color temperature information which is provided for the control of luminaires 50 used to illuminate the space 100. The information output by the sensor arrangement 1 is forwarded to a control unit 60, which then takes over control of the brightness control for the lamps 50 based thereon.
    The reference symbol A schematically shows the detection range of the sensor arrangement 1. As can be seen, this is extremely large and ideally covers the entire space 100. This is the crucial difference to classical light sensors based on the use of a single photodiode which is specifically directed to a single area to be evaluated. The sensor arrangement 1 according to the invention detects, in particular, information relating to the entire detection range, so that information is then obtained regarding either a plurality of individual areas by the sensor arrangement 1 itself or by the control unit 60, which can then be used to control the luminaires. This principle is already known from the above-mentioned DE 10 2010 003 804 A1 of the Applicant, in which the so-called spatially resolved image information is assigned individual so-called evaluation regions, which are then evaluated specifically for the brightness control. For example. With regard to the brightness present at a workstation 110, information about the daylight entering through a window 112 could also be obtained by the spatially resolved brightness information. Finally, the information output by the sensor assembly 1 could also be used to determine whether there are 100 persons in the area of the entrance door 115 of the room. That is, as well as other known, intelligent sensor units 1 based on image sensors, the present inventive arrangement is also capable of being used in a multifunctional manner and providing a variety of data that can be used for lighting control.
    The peculiarity of the sensor arrangement 1 according to the invention consists in the construction thereof, which will be explained in more detail below with reference to Figures 2 and 3.
    As already mentioned, it has hitherto been customary to use digital cameras based on digital image sensors for realizing intelligent light sensors. As is known, the image sensors of such cameras consist of an extremely high number of photosensitive elements, the so-called pixels, which are exposed by a corresponding optics substantially simultaneously and ultimately deliver the image. In contrast, the sensor arrangement 1 according to the invention is distinguished by the fact that an extremely simply constructed sensor unit with only a few individual segments is used and, despite all this, spatially resolved information can be obtained.
    The principle used for this purpose is schematically shown in Figure 2. The sensor unit 10, which - as will be explained in more detail below - consists of a few, preferably a maximum of nine individual pixels or segments, is arranged here on the rear side of a so-called shut-ter arrangement 20. The shutter assembly 20 has a certain distance from the sensor unit 10 and is designed to be significantly larger in size than the sensor unit 10. It consists of individual elements 21, which can optionally be controlled so as to allow a light incident on the sensor unit 10 or not. Strictly speaking, these individual elements 21 of the shutter arrangement 20 are arranged in the manner of a matrix, so that, depending on which segment 21 is currently making light, the light strikes the sensor unit 10 from different directions.
    For determining spatially resolved information, it is now provided that the individual elements 21 of the shutter arrangement 20 are driven in chronological succession according to a specific scheme, such that the incidence of light from certain directions or angles on the sensor unit is specifically aimed 10 takes place. By combining the subsequently obtained sensor data, a valuation unit 30 can finally determine a two-dimensional image of the area detected by the sensor device 1. Of course, this is associated with a certain expenditure of time, since in the context of the specific control of the shutter arrangement 20, the opening and closing of the individual elements 21 takes a certain time and the overall image can only be obtained if all the individual segments 21 have been opened at least once. However, this is acceptable for creating image information for lighting control since the temporal aspect plays a minor role here. Even certain movements of objects within the detection range during this period do not lead to any significant falsification of the measurement result, which is then finally used for the lighting control.
    The individual elements 21 of the shutter assembly 20 can be formed and realized in different ways. It is conceivable, for example, the use of micromirrors, mechanical shutter elements, so-called MEMS elements or LCD arrays. Since a relatively coarse spatial resolution is perfectly acceptable for the illumination control, the number of individual segments 21 can also be kept within reasonable limits. The presented configuration with twelve individual elements next to each other, which leads in the case of a square shutter arrangement to 144 individual elements, is quite realistic.
    In the system described in the article cited above, in fact only a single sensor element is used, which is optionally exposed in a direction-dependent manner by the shutter arrangement 20. In this case, only brightness information can then be obtained, but not additional photometric data.
    In a further development of this basic concept, it is therefore provided according to the present invention to make the sensor unit 10 slightly more complex and ideally, as shown in FIG. 3, to form it by means of nine matrix-like individual segments 11. These individual segments 11 are arranged in a 3 × 3 matrix, wherein the dimensions are selected such that upon exposure of the sensor unit 10 by the shutter arrangement 20, the individual segments 11 are exposed in the same way. That is, as shown schematically in Figure 2, the individual segments 21 of the shutter assembly 20 are designed and the geometrical dimensions chosen so that a single segment 21 always fully and uniformly exposes the sensor unit 10 so that, in principle, each individual sensor segment 11 is exposed in the same way.
    In fact, however, provide the individual sensor segments 11 different Mess¬ data, which is due to the fact that they are preceded by different combinations of color and polarization filters. Conveniently, in this case, the individual filter strips are designed such that they always cover a row or a column of the sensor matrix. For example, three color filters 12i, 122 and 123 are arranged one behind the other in the three rows, which are embodied, for example, as red, green and blue filters. Further, polarizing filters are vertically disposed in the three columns, strictly speaking, polarizing filters are arranged only in the middle and right columns, and no polarization filter is present in the left column. The two further polarization filters 13! and 132 are-as can be seen-oriented perpendicular to each other.
    Finally, this arrangement of color and polarization filters results in each sensor segment 11 being provided with a particular combination of color and polarization filter (this also includes the variant that no polarization filter is present). Thus, during the measurements, the individual segments 11, which although exposed identically by the shutter arrangement, nevertheless provide different measurement signals due to the different upstream filter combinations.
    The consideration of these different measuring signals by the evaluation unit of the sensor arrangement 1 first of all leads to the fact that, by taking into account the different color filters, the color locus of the light which could be incident by the corresponding element 21 of the shutter arrangement can be determined. The consideration of the different signals with regard to the polarization directions, however, allows conclusions to be drawn on the question whether the incident light is artificial light or natural light. Furthermore, in the context of a corresponding evaluation, the color temperature determination can also be significantly more accurate. That is, it is now possible to carry out a white light adjustment which is clearly more accurate than was the case in previous methods based on image sensors. The signals output from the nine different sensor segments are merged, as already mentioned, by the internal evaluation unit of the sensor arrangement, which in turn ultimately creates a spatially resolved image that now contains not only brightness information, but also color and color temperature information.
    In addition, as already mentioned, it would also be conceivable to combine the sensor segments 11 with a spectrometer. This leads to particular advantages, since a spectrometer is a relatively expensive component. With the principle according to the invention, it would now be possible to realize a spectral pixel sensor which is considerably cheaper to produce in terms of the associated costs than comparable solutions in which a separate spectrometer is used for each pixel.
    Starting from this image, a brightness control in the above beschrie¬benen manner can then be made. As already mentioned, the spatial resolution of the image produced by the sensor device according to the invention is rather small and the time required to produce an image is relatively high. However, these disadvantages play a rather subordinate role for the illumination control. Rather, they are clearly outweighed by the resulting advantages, namely that the brightness information as well as the photometry data obtained in each case are significantly more meaningful than was the case with previously available systems. This is an important aspect for the lighting control, since it can be ensured that the desired conditions are present not only with regard to the brightness but also the color of the light at the areas to be illuminated.
    权利要求:
    Claims (9)
    [1]
    Claims 1. Sensor arrangement (1) for detecting spatially resolved photometric data, comprising • a sensor unit (10), • a controllable shutter arrangement (20) upstream of the sensor unit (10), by which direction a light incident on the sensor unit (10) can be controlled and an evaluation unit (30) for evaluating the information output by the sensor unit (10) and calculating a spatially resolved brightness information, characterized in that the sensor unit (10) has at least two sensor segments (11), each of which has different combinations of color filters ( 12), polarization filters (13) and / orspectrometers are assigned, wherein the evaluation unit (30) is adapted to supplement on the basis of the output from the various sensor segments (11) signals the brightness information by zusätzliches photometric data.
    [2]
    2. Sensor arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the sensor unit (10) at least 3 x n sensor segments (11), which are assigned to three different color filter (12), preferably in the colors red, green and blue.
    [3]
    3. Sensor arrangement according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the sensor unit (10) at least 3 x m sensor segments (11), which is not assigned to a polarization filter or one of two mutually perpendicular polarization filters (13).
    [4]
    4. Sensor arrangement according to claim 2 and 3, characterized in that the sensor unit (10) has nine sensor segments (11).
    [5]
    5. Sensor unit according to claim 4, characterized in that the nine sensor segments (11) are arranged like a matrix.
    [6]
    6. Sensor arrangement according to claim 5, characterized in that the color and / or polarizing filters (12, 13) each cover a row or column of the An¬ordnung the sensor segments (11).
    [7]
    7. Sensor arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the controllable shutter arrangement (20) has a plurality of controllable Einzelelemen¬ten (21), which optionally a light incidence on the sensor unit (10) ermögli¬chen.
    [8]
    8. Sensor arrangement according to claim 7, characterized in that the shutter arrangement (20) is designed such that the light emitted by the individual elements (21) allows the sensor unit (10) to illuminate substantially uniformly.
    [9]
    9. Sensor arrangement according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the individual elements (21) of the shutter arrangement are formed by micromirrors, mechanical shutter, Mems systems or an LCD array. For this 2 sheets of drawings
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    法律状态:
    2021-05-15| MM01| Lapse because of not paying annual fees|Effective date: 20200930 |
    优先权:
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    DE102014208193|2014-04-30|
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